When words fail them, creative writers imagine entirely new ones. Author Patti Callahan Henry examines fictional language, from the words of Tolkien to her own. Our editors and experts handpick every ...

In this one-hour activity, students gain an understanding of the nature of human communication and foster a scientific view on languages. Through class activities, games, reading, and analysis, ...

From a friendlier way to write WebAssembly to a visual language for machine learning, these 11 programming tools could redefine the way you write software. Was it Alexander Pope who said, “Hope ...

Star Trek's Klingon language is a fully developed artificial language with grammar, syntax, and vocabulary, making it unique among fictional languages. Linguist Marc Okrand played a crucial role in ...

NFTs have brought an onslaught of attention to gifs and other phone-friendly passive media. But not all digital art practices translate easily to singular, collectible assets. Esolangs, programming ...

For decades, coders wrote critical systems in C and C++. Now they turn to Rust. Many software projects emerge because—somewhere out there—a programmer had a personal problem to solve. That’s more or ...

Some programming languages, such as Rust, Go, or TypeScript, are cool. Others, including Cobol and Java, are regarded as dull. However, while Java, which turned 30 on May 23, may not be the most ...